Métodos para evaluar la exposición a contaminantes plásticos en procellariiformes

revisión y estandarización de protocolos

Autores/as

  • Luciana Gallo Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos/IBIOMAR, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas/CONICET, Puerto Madryn/Chubut, Argentina
  • Marcela Uhart Latin America Program, Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center/WHC, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California/UC, Davis/ California, USA
  • Alice Pereira Projeto Albatroz. Florianópolis, Brazil
  • Patricia Pereira Serafini Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/ICMBio, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Aves Silvestres/CEMAVE, Florianópolis/SC, Brasil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v11i3.1829

Palabras clave:

Océano; polución, aves marinas, residuos plásticos

Resumen

Los estudios sobre la presencia de residuos antropogénicos en el mar y su ingesta por aves marinas se han incrementado en las últimas décadas. Los Procellariiformes son particularmente susceptibles a la ingesta de plásticos debido a que se alimentan preferentemente de presas sobre la superficie del mar, donde los plásticos tienden a flotar y acumularse. Luego de una extensa revisión bibliográfica y la aplicación práctica de técnicas en el laboratorio y el campo, presentamos protocolos estandarizados para la colecta de muestras para evaluar la ingesta de plásticos en Procellariiformes. Estos protocolos sugieren una variedad de tipos y fuentes de muestras y metodologías de colecta de acuerdo a diferentes objetivos de investigación. Las muestras pueden ser colectadas de aves muertas encontradas en la playa o capturadas incidentalmente en pesquerías; de aves vivas o muertas en colonias reproductivas y centros de rehabilitación; o de manera no-invasiva en el caso de fecas, bolos y huevos no eclosionados. Además, recomendamos métodos de análisis, insumos necesarios y rutinas de limpieza para evitar la contaminación durante la colecta y procesamiento de muestras. La implementación de protocolos estandarizados para la colecta y el análisis de muestras favorece la consistencia y repetibilidad de los estudios, permitiendo la comparación de los resultados y la detección de patrones espacio-temporales a gran escala. 

Citas

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