Impactos Antrópicos aos Ambientes Manguezais em Áreas de Ocorrência do Peixe-boi-marinho Trichechus manatus manatus no Litoral Brasileiro: uma Revisão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v13i4.2302Palavras-chave:
Carcinicultura, Salinas, Cana-de-açucar, Contaminantes, PlásticoResumo
O peixe-boi-marinho (Trichechus manatus manatus) é um mamífero aquático que habita mares, áreas de manguezais e estuários nas regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. A espécie é categorizada como ‘Em Perigo’ de extinção no Brasil devido à constante degradação e perda do seu habitat. O presente estudo trata de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os impactos da carcinicultura, da salina, da plantação de cana-de-açúcar e da extração de gás e petróleo nos manguezais e estuários
na área de ocorrência da espécie. A metodologia de busca foi definida tendo como ponto de partida o ano de 1980 até o ano de 2022 e limitando-se a análises na área de ocorrência do peixe-boi- marinho. A busca pelo Google Scholar resultou na obtenção de 36 estudos, os quais se distribuem desigualmente entre os estados brasileiros da região Norte e Nordeste. O estado do Ceará apresentou 81% do total de estudos sobre o impacto da carcinicultura, enquanto a busca por empreendimentos de qualquer natureza no Piauí resultou na ausência de estudos. Na discussão abordamos os potenciais
impactos causados por tais atividades antrópicas na saúde ecossistêmica de manguezais e estuários e, consequentemente, na saúde e conservação do peixe-boi-marinho no Brasil, ressaltando a necessidade de reforço e ampliação das ações de proteção e fiscalização dessas áreas para a manutenção das populações de peixe-boi-marinho na costa brasileira.
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