Effects of different prescribed burning seasons on Hancornia speciosa Gomes trees
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v15i3.2836Palavras-chave:
Integrated fire management, native fruits , traditional knowledge , tropical savannaResumo
The Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae), locally known as “mangabeira”, is a common tree in the central South American savannas. It is an important species, especially because of its fruits, which are consumed by wild animals and local human populations, driving a significant economic chain. In Brazil, H. speciosa occurs in abundance in the Cerrado biome, where protected areas have been subjected to management changes. The implementation of integrated fire management in these areas has drastically changed the prevailing fire regimes, from fire exclusion interspersed with large wildfires to prescribed burnings. In Indigenous Lands, technical recommendations for the use of fire were based on traditional knowledge and cover a long fire window, which goes from the late rainy season to the middle dry season. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of these different prescribed burning seasons on H. speciosa. The methodology involved data collection by local fire brigade members and statistical analysis using the Tukey Test (p <0.05). In all prescribed burning seasons, tree mortality rates were low. Prescribed burnings during the late rainy season were the most severe one. Prescribed burnings during the early dry season were the least severe ones and the trees presented higher reproduction and fruit production rates. Prescribed burnings during the middle dry season presented more reproductive structures losses. These results indicate that early dry season prescribed burnings can be the most appropriate for H. speciosa. However, considering the variability of responses and the relatively positive results in all treatments, we conclude that prescribed burning can be carried out during all seasons studied, providing a wide fire window that facilitates large scale management, and probably benefits species diversity.
Downloads
Referências
1. Bond WJ, Woodward FI, Midgley GF. The global distribution of ecosystems in a world without fire. New Phytol. 2005;165:525-38. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01252.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01252.x
2. Lehmann CE, Anderson TM, Sankaran M, Higgins SI, Archibald S, Hoffmann WA, et al. Savanna vegetation-fire-climate relationships differ among continents. Science. 2014;343:548-52. doi:10.1126/science.1247355 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1247355
3. Barradas ACS, Borges MA, Máximo MC, Ribeiro KT. Paradigmas da gestão do fogo em áreas protegidas no mundo e o caso da Estação Ecológica Serra Geral do Tocantins. Biodiversidade Bras. 2020;10(2):71-86. doi:10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v10i2.1474 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37002/biobrasil.v10i2.1474
4. Durigan G, Ratter JA. The need for a consistent fire policy for Cerrado conservation. J Appl Ecol. 2016;53:11-5. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12559 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12559
5. Pivello VR. Fire management for biological conservation in the Brazilian Cerrado. In: Mistry J, Berardi A, editors. Savannas and dry forests: linking people with nature. London: Routledge; 2006. p.129-54. doi:10.4324/97813152437886. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315243788-6
6. Moura LC, Scariot AO, Schmidt IB, Beatty R, Russel-Smith J. The legacy of colonial fire management policies on traditional livelihoods and ecological sustainability in savannas: impacts, consequences, new directions. J Environ Manage. 2019;232:600-6. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.057 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.057
7. Schmidt IB, Moura LC, Ferreira MC, Eloy L, Sampaio AB, Dias PA, et al. Fire management in the Brazilian savanna: first steps and the way forward. J Appl Ecol. 2018;55(5):2094-101. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.13118 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13118
8. Falleiro RM, Santana MT, Berni CR. As contribuições do manejo integrado do fogo para o controle dos incêndios florestais nas Terras Indígenas do Brasil. Biodiversidade Bras. 2016;6(2):88-105. doi:10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v6i2.655 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v6i2.655
9. Eloy L, Bilbao BA, Mistry J, Schmidt IB. From fire suppression to fire management: advances and resistances to changes in fire policy in the savannas of Brazil and Venezuela. Geogr J. 2019;185(1):10-22. doi:10.1111/geoj.12245 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/geoj.12245
10. Fidelis A, Alvarado ST, Barradas ACS, Pivello VR. The year 2017: megafires and management in the Cerrado. Fire. 2018;1(3):49. doi:10.3390/fire1030049 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fire1030049
11. Santos FLM, Nogueira J, Souza RAF, Falleiro RM, Schmidt IB, Libonati R. Prescribed burning reduces large, high-intensity wildfires and emissions in the Brazilian savanna. Fire. 2021;4:56. doi:10.3390/fire4030056 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fire4030056
12. Falleiro RM. Resgate do manejo tradicional do Cerrado com fogo para proteção das Terras Indígenas do oeste do Mato Grosso: um estudo de caso. Biodiversidade Bras. 2011;1(2):86-96. doi:10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v1i2.114 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v1i2.114
13. Falleiro RM, Moura LC, Xerente PP, Pinto CP, Santana MT, Corrêa MA, et al. Using a cultural keystone species in participatory monitoring of fire management in Indigenous Lands in the Brazilian savanna. Fire. 2024;7(7):231. doi:10.3390/fire7070231 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fire7070231
14. Junior JFS, Mota DM, Lédo AS, Schmitz H, Muniz AVCS, Rodrigues RFA. Hancornia speciosa Gomes-Mangaba. Montevideo: Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura (IICA); 2018. Available from: [http://www.procisur.org.uy/](http://www.procisur.org.uy/)
15. Lima ILP, Scariot A. Boas práticas de manejo para o extrativismo sustentável da mangaba. 1st ed. Brasília: Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia; 2010. 68 p. ISBN: 978-85-87697-62-2. Available from: [https://ispn.org.br/site/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/BoasPraticasMangaba.pdf](https://ispn.org.br/site/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/BoasPraticasMangaba.pdf) [cited 2023 Sep 8].
16. Lima ILP. Etnobotânica quantitativa de plantas do cerrado e extrativismo de mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) no Norte de Minas Gerais: implicações para o manejo sustentável [dissertação]. Brasília: Universidade de Brasília; 2008. Available from: [https://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/4995](https://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/4995)
17. Pereira AV, Pereira EBC, Silva Júnior JF, Silva DB. Mangaba. In: Vieira RF, Costa TSA, Silva DB, Ferreira FR, Sano SM, editors. Frutas nativas da região centro-oeste do Brasil. 1st ed. Brasília: Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia; 2006. p.320. ISBN: 978-85-87697-44-8. doi:10.13140/2.1.2141.1206
18. Vieira Neto RD, Cintra FLD, Ledo AS, Silva Júnior JF, Costa JLS, Silva AAG, et al. Sistema de produção de mangaba para os tabuleiros costeiros e baixadas litorâneas. Aracaju: Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros; 2002. 22 p. ISSN:1678-197X. Available from: [https://www.embrapa.br/busca-de-publicacoes/-/publicacao/867269](https://www.embrapa.br/busca-de-publicacoes/-/publicacao/867269)
19. Matteucci MBA, Guimarães NNR, Tiveron Filho D, Santos C. A flora do Cerrado e suas formas de aproveitamento. Pesqui Agropecu Trop. 2007;25(1):13-30. Available from: [https://revistas.ufg.br/pat/article/view/2732](https://revistas.ufg.br/pat/article/view/2732)
20. Almeida LM, Nogueira CA, Borges PP, Prados ADL, Gonçalves PJ. State of the art of scientific literature on Hancornia speciosa: trends and gaps. Rev Bras Frutic. 2016;38(4):e-869. doi:10.1590/0100-29452016869 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452016869
21. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Produção da extração vegetal e da silvicultura – PEVS. Censo Agropecuário Brasileiro; 2023. Available from: [https://www.ibge.gov.br/estatisticas/economicas/agricultura-e-pecuaria/9105-producao-da-extracao-vegetal-e-da-silvicultura.html](https://www.ibge.gov.br/estatisticas/economicas/agricultura-e-pecuaria/9105-producao-da-extracao-vegetal-e-da-silvicultura.html) [cited 2025 Jan 31].
22. Almeida SES, Silva PO, Menino GCO, Silva FG. Fenologia de Hancornia speciosa (Apocynaceae) em Montes Claros de Goiás, Brasil. Enciclopédia Biosf. 2017;14(25):530-43. doi:10.18677/EnciBio_2018A91 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18677/EnciBio_2018A91
23. Pirani FR, Sanchez M, Pedroni F. Fenologia de uma comunidade arbórea em cerrado sentido restrito, Barra do Garças, MT, Brasil. Acta Bot Bras. 2009;23(4):1096-1110. doi:10.1590/S0102-33062009000400019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062009000400019
24. Dalponte JC, Lima EDS. Disponibilidade de frutos e a dieta de Lycalopex vetulus (Carnivora - Canidae) em um Cerrado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Rev Bras Bot. 1999;22:325-32. doi:10.1590/s0100-84041999000500015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84041999000500015
25. Mantovani W, Martins FR. Variações fenológicas das espécies do Cerrado da Reserva Biológica de Moji Guaçu, Estado de São Paulo. Acta Bot Bras. 1988;11:101-12. Available from: [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286545057](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286545057)
26. Abreu RCR, Hoffmann WA, Vasconcelos HL, Pilon NA, Rossatto DR, Durigan G. The biodiversity cost of carbon sequestration in tropical savanna. Sci Adv. 2017;3:e1701284. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1701284 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1701284
27. Honda EA, Durigan G. Woody encroachment and its consequences on hydrological processes in the savannah. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2016;371:20150313. doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0313 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0313
28. Pivello VR, Vieira I, Christianini AV, Ribeiro DB, Menezes LS, Berlinck CN, et al. Understanding Brazil’s catastrophic fires: causes, consequences and policy needed to prevent future tragedies. Perspect Ecol Conserv. 2021;19(3):233-55. doi:10.1016/j.pecon.2021.06.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecon.2021.06.005
29. Yates CP, Edwards AC, Russell-Smith J. Big fires and their ecological impacts in Australian savannas: size and frequency matters. Int J Wildland Fire. 2008;17:768-81. doi:10.1071/WF07150 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/WF07150
30. Govender N, Trollope WSW, Van Wilgen BW. The effect of fire season, fire frequency, rainfall and management on fire intensity in savanna vegetation in South Africa. J Appl Ecol. 2006;43:748-58. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01184.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01184.x
31. Russell-Smith J, Edwards AC. Seasonality and fire severity in savanna landscapes of monsoonal northern Australia. Int J Wildland Fire. 2006;15:541-50. doi:10.1071/WF05111 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/WF05111
32. Williams RJ, Cook GD, Gill AM, Moore PHR. Fire regime, fire intensity and tree survival in a tropical savanna in northern Australia. Aust J Ecol. 1999;24:50-9. doi:10.1046/j.1442-9993.1999.00946.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-9993.1999.00946.x
33. Medeiros MB, Miranda HS. Post-fire resprouting and mortality in Cerrado woody plant species over a three-year period. Edinburgh J Bot. 2008;65:53-68. doi:10.1017/S0960428608004708 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960428608004708
34. Coutinho LM. Ecological effects of fire in Brazilian Cerrado. In: Huntley BJ, Walker B, editors. Ecology of tropical savanna. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1982. p.273-91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68786-0_13
35. Falleiro RM, Santana MS, Xerente AJK, Krahô JJ, Zomaizokiece AA, Corrêa MA, et al. Efeitos de diferentes regimes de fogo nas árvores do gênero Mouriri do Cerrado brasileiro. In: Trajetórias, perspectivas e desafios da gestão ambiental pública. Brasília: Ibama/MMA; 2022. v.3. ISSN:2675-4762. Available from: [http://www.biodiversity4all.org/taxa/185927-Mouriri](http://www.biodiversity4all.org/taxa/185927-Mouriri)
36. Hoffmann WA. Post-burn reproduction of woody plants in a neotropical savanna: the relative importance of sexual and vegetative reproduction. J Appl Ecol. 1998;35:422-33. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2664.1998.00321.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.1998.00321.x
37. Pivello VR, Oliveras I, Miranda HS, Haridasan M, Sato MN, Meirelles ST. Effect of fires on soil nutrient availability in an open savanna in Central Brazil. Plant Soil. 2010;337:111-23. doi:10.1007/s11104-010-0508-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0508-x
38. Falleiro RM, Steil L, Oliveira MS, Lando I, Machado LOR, Cunha ACC, et al. Histórico, avaliação, oportunidades e desafios do manejo integrado do fogo nas Terras Indígenas Brasileiras. Biodiversidade Bras. 2021;11(2):75-98. doi:10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v11i2.1742 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37002/biobrasil.v11i2.1742
39. Hoffman KM, Davis EL, Wickham SB, Schang K, Johnson A, Larkin T, et al. Conservation of Earth’s biodiversity is embedded in Indigenous fire stewardship. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2021;118(32):e2105073118. doi:10.1073/pnas.210507311840 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2105073118
40. Mistry J, Berardi A, Andrade V, Krahô T, Krahô P, Leonardos O. Indigenous fire management in the Cerrado of Brazil: the case of the Krahô of Tocantins. Hum Ecol. 2005;33:365-86. doi:10.1007/s10745-005-4143-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-005-4143-8
41. Welch JR, Brondízio ES, Hetrick SS, Coimbra Jr CEA. Indigenous burning as conservation practice: neo-tropical savanna recovery amid agribusiness deforestation in Central Brazil. PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e81226. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081226 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081226
42. Anderson AB, Posey DA. Management of a tropical scrub savanna by the Gorotire Kayapó of Brazil. Adv Econ Bot. 1989;7:159-73. Available from: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/43927550](https://www.jstor.org/stable/43927550)
43. Cintra R, Sanaiotti TM. Fire effects on the composition of a bird community in an Amazonian savanna (Brazil). Braz J Biol. 2005;65:683-95. doi:10.1590/S1519-69842005000400016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842005000400016
44. Garde M, Nadjamerrek BL, Kolkkiwarra M, Kalarriya J, Djandjomerr J, Birriyabirriya B, et al. The language of fire: seasonality, resources and landscape burning on the Arnhem Land Plateau. In: Russel-Smith J, Whitehead P, Cooke P, editors. Culture, ecology and economy of fire management in North Australian savannas: rekindling the Wurrk tradition. Melbourne: CSIRO Publishing; 2010. p.85-164. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/9780643098299.ch05
45. Van Wilgen BW, Govender N, Biggs HC. The contribution of fire research to fire management: a critical review of a long-term experiment in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Int J Wildland Fire. 2007;16:519-30. doi:10.1071/WF06115 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/WF06115
46. Dickinson JL, Zuckerberg B, Bonter DN. Citizen science as an ecological research tool: challenges and benefits. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst. 2010;41:149-72. doi:10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102209-144636 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102209-144636
47. Marques EQ, Marimon-Junior BH, Marimon BS, Matricardi EAT, Mews HA, Colli GR. Redefining the Cerrado–Amazonia transition: implications for conservation. Biodivers Conserv. 2020;29:1501-17. doi:10.1007/s10531-019-01720-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-019-01720-z
48. Chuvieco E, Yue C, Heil A, Mouillot F, Alonso-Canas I, Padilla M, et al. A new global burned area product for climate assessment of fire impacts. Glob Ecol Biogeogr. 2016;25(5):619-29. doi:10.1111/geb.12440. Available from: [https://modis-fire.umd.edu/ba.html](https://modis-fire.umd.edu/ba.html) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12440
49. Keeley JE. Fire intensity, fire severity and burn severity: a brief review and suggested usage. Int J Wildland Fire. 2009;18:116-26. doi:10.1071/WF07049 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/WF07049
50. Souchie FF, Pinto JRR, Lenza E, Gomes L, Maracahipes-Santos L, Silvério DV. Post-fire resprouting strategies of woody vegetation in the Brazilian savanna. Acta Bot Bras. 2017;31:260-6. doi:10.1590/0102-33062016abb0376 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062016abb0376
51. Zuur AF, Ieno EN, Smith GM. Analysing ecological data. New York: Springer; 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-45972-1
52. R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Open Access Libr J. 2020;8(9). Available from: [https://www.r-project.org/](https://www.r-project.org/)
53. Sato MN, Miranda HS, Maia JMF. O fogo e o estrato arbóreo do Cerrado: efeitos imediatos e longo prazo. In: Miranda HS, editor. Efeitos do regime do fogo sobre a estrutura de comunidades de Cerrado: resultados do Projeto Fogo. Brasília: Ibama/MMA; 2010. p.77-91. Available from: [https://www.ibama.gov.br/sophia/cnia/livros/efeitosdoregimedofogodigital.pdf](https://www.ibama.gov.br/sophia/cnia/livros/efeitosdoregimedofogodigital.pdf)
54. Garda AB. Dano e recuperação pós-fogo em espécies lenhosas do Cerrado: fogo após 18 anos de proteção versus queimadas bienais em três épocas distintas [dissertação]. Brasília: Universidade de Brasília; 2018. 59 f. Available from: [https://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/32389](https://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/32389)
55. Coutinho LM. Ecological effects of fire in Brazilian Cerrado. In: Huntley BJ, Walker B, editors. Ecology of tropical savanna. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1982. p.273-91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68786-0_13
56. Miranda HS, Neto WN, Neves BMC. Caracterização das queimadas de Cerrado. In: Miranda HS, editor. Efeitos do regime do fogo sobre a estrutura de comunidades de Cerrado: resultados do Projeto Fogo. Brasília: Ibama/MMA; 2010. p.23-33. Available from: [https://www.ibama.gov.br/sophia/cnia/livros/efeitosdoregimedofogodigital.pdf](https://www.ibama.gov.br/sophia/cnia/livros/efeitosdoregimedofogodigital.pdf)
57. Nascimento LM, Oliveira AP, Camargos LS, Oliveira LC, Araújo FB, Pinto HBA, et al. In vivo wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities of Hancornia speciosa leaf extract in different experimental models. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020;252:112832. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.112832 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.112832
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2025 Rodrigo de Moraes Falleiro, Lívia Carvalho Moura, Marcelo Trindade Santana, Luciano Carregosa dos Santos, Maristella Aparecida Corrêa, Jorge Itai Marinho Marizê Souza Guajajara, Isabel Belloni Schmidt
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Os autores retêm os direitos autorais dos trabalhos publicados, que podem ser reutilizados e divulgados em outros meios, desde que a fonte de publicação original (revista Biodiversidade Brasileira) seja citada.
