Predação de vertebrados por cães Canis lupus F. Familiaris (Mammalia: Carnivora) no Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v3i2.345Keywords:
defaunation, domestic animals, feral or free-ranging dogs, invasive alien speciesAbstract
Nowadays exotic species are known as the second environmental threat bringing loss to
biodiversity and naturals ecosystem. The introduction of domestic dogs has serious ecologic consequences,
such as transmission of diseases, pursuit, stress, displacement, injuries and death of native animals,
hybridization with wild canids and competition among native predators. This paper wants to join data
collected from records of wild animals rescues performed by fauna conservation project of Rio de Janeiro
Botanic Garden (JBRJ) from 2005 to 2012 in area of Tijuca National Park damping zone, RJ, Brazil. From
the total of 372 animals rescues performed by the project in JBRJ, 36 records were due to domestic dogsattacks which represent almost 10% of them. In a third part of the cases, those animals were collected dead.
About 17% of them were rescued with serious damages and 50% of them were orphans wich their mothers
were killed by the dogs. The identification of footprints and biting suggests that those injuries were made by
domestic dogs. The most affected species were mammals with 86% of records related to Didelphis aurita.
But there were also Tamandua tetradactyla and Procyon cancrivorus both vulnerables in the list of threatened
species of Rio de Janeiro city, and Coendou villosus. Only one reptile was attacked, Salvator merianae. The
loss of mammals and animal community simplification are alarming, especially when locally threatened
species are evolved. The domestic dog is an important agent in the biodiversity deterioration process. Its
population control should be main task to be adopted, especially along the border of protected areas. It is
urgent to take actions and efforts in order to solve the serious problem of biodiversity loss by introduction of
exotic species. Those actions must eliminate or mitigate the exotic species impacts in a long and short term.
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