Espécies exóticas invasoras em unidades de conservação federais do Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v3i2.351Keywords:
invasion biology, protected areas, biodiversity conservationAbstract
Biological invasions have been indicated as one of the main causes of biodiversity loss. Even the protected areas (PA) have been affected by the serious consequences of the biological invasions, such as shifts in species composition and ecosystem processes, and, in extreme cases, species local extinctions. The occurrence of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) in Protected Areas in Brazil is still poorly known, but secondary data brings a first approximation to the problem in order to guide urgent actions for prevention and control. In this sense, we carried out a survey for the IAS recorded in the 313 federal protected areas of Brazil (PA). This survey was based on two main sources of information: management plans available for 41 protected areas and the data from RAPPAM (Rapid Assessment and Prioritization of Protected Areas Management) for 181 PAs. Furthermore, it was gathered data from literature and additional PA managers from 15 PAs were consulted. The checklist has 144 species, among which: 106 species are vascular plant species, 11 are fishes, 11 mammals, 5 mollusks, 3 reptiles, 3 insects, 2 cnidarians, 1 amphibian, 1 crustacean, and 1 isopod. The most frequent species accross PAs were: Canis familiaris – domestic dog (53 PAs); Felis catus – domestic cat (34 PAs); Apis mellifera - honey bee (33 PAs); Mangifera indica – mango tree (31 PAs); Urochloa maxima - guinea grass (28 PAs); Melinis minutiflora – molasses grass (26 PAs). The checklist brings up the first attempt about biological invasions in federal Brazilian PAs and raises awareness to the need for monitoring and management actions to control IAS
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