Deve-se usar o fogo como instrumento de manejo no Cerrado e Campos Sulinos?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v1i2.102Keywords:
ecological history, wildfire, ecological management, controlled burning, protected areaAbstract
Fire is an important management tool in several ecosystems worldwide. In Brazil, particularly the Cerrado and the Campos Sulinos are submitted to periodical burnings both due to natural causes (lightning) or human activities. However, in the reserves created to protect such ecosystems fire tends to be abolished. In the present paper we intend to evidence the importance of fire in Cerrado and Campos Sulinos, and to stimulate rethinking about its use for ecological management. Fossil and palynological evidences show that such ecosystems evolved in association with fire, once a high number of fire adaptations are recognized in the vegetation and in the ecological processes of these ecosystems. Still, it is believed that their self-maintenance is dependent on periodical fires.The decision to eliminate fire from Cerrado and Campos Sulinos protected areas brings many problems to the reserves, for instance the exclusion of species, biological invasions, disturbance in the ecological cycles, which jeopardize the preservation of the biodiversity at medium and long term. Wildfires of great proportions have happened in the last years, especially in Cerrado protected areas, due to the combination of biomass accumulation and land uses in their surroundings. Therefore, we suggest that Brazilian environmental organizations rethink their attitude relative to the management of natural preserves in ecosystems adapted to periodical fires, and admit planned and controlled actions to supply the effects caused by that natural disturbance.
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