Treinta años de conferencias internacionales sobre incendios forestales
revisión y logros de un viaje circumglobal de Boston a Campo Grande
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v11i2.1743Palabras clave:
Políticas de manejo de fuego en el paisaje;, manejo de fuego en el paisaje;, cooperación internacionalResumen
En 1989, empezaron las Conferencias Internacionales sobre Incendios Forestales (IWFCS) con el objetivo de establecer un foro para compartir conocimientos y experiencia en ciencia, manejo, desarrollo de capacidades y de políticas de fuego. Tres décadas pasaron entre la Primera Conferencia Internacional sobre Incendios Forestales en Boston, Estados Unidos de América, en 1989, y la Séptima Conferencia Internacional sobre Incendios Forestales en Campo Grande, Brasil, en 2019. A lo largo de estas tres décadas, los regímenes de fuego a nivel global - definido sensu lato como los regímenes ecológico, de manejo y de políticas - han evolucionado bajo la influencia del crecimiento de la población mundial, los desarrollos socioeconómicos y el cambio climático. Un período en el que los sistemas terrestres han experimentado los cambios más rápidos de la historia y de la prehistoria. Este artículo evalúa ejemplos de actores que participaron y dieron seguimiento a las recomendaciones de las IWFC, con énfasis en sus actividades entre las conferencias. Durante este viaje alrededor del mundo entre Boston y Campo Grande, las redes regionales y la red global han fomentado la cultura de cooperación internacional en el manejo de fuego en el ámbito de la interfaz ciencia-políticas-prácticas Science-Policy-Practitioners (SPPI). Observaciones recientes muestran que el cambio climático y los desarrollos socioeconómicos están alterando los regímenes de fuego a nivel mundial. Esta tendencia está asociada con una creciente vulnerabilidad social y ambiental a los incendios forestales, así como a la aplicación excesiva del fuego en el uso de la tierra y el cambio de uso de la tierra. En este sentido, es oportuno revisar los intentos de desarrollar un acuerdo global sobre el manejo de fuego en el paisaje.
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