Prevalência e Tipos de Plásticos em Albatrozes e Petréis (Aves: Procellariiformes): Recorte Espacial da Costa Sudeste e Sul do Brasil, de 2015 a 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v12i1.1855Palavras-chave:
Atlântico Sul , resíduos sólidos, aves marinhasResumo
A ordem Procellariiformes reúne grande número de espécies ameaçadas de extinção, e sua diversidade no Brasil implica responsabilidades para a conservação. Ameaças como a ingestão de plásticos impactam negativamente os albatrozes e petréis em nível global. Assim, realizamos a quantificação e classificação de resíduos poliméricos em espécimes de Procellariiformes encontrados em praias de Florianópolis ou capturados incidentalmente na pesca industrial no sul e sudeste do Brasil. Foram analisados tratos digestórios de 44 espécimes pertencentes a nove espécies. Para identificação da localização dos itens ingeridos, o trato digestivo foi separado em três porções – esôfago, proventrículo e ventrículo. Os resíduos > 5mm foram medidos e classificados em “fragmentos plásticos”, pellets, nylon e outros. Macroplásticos foram encontrados em 13 indivíduos de seis espécies das famílias Diomedeidae e Procellariidae. Procellaria aequinoctialis apresentou as maiores frequências de macroplástico (80%) dos espécimes analisados. No geral, os fragmentos plásticos foram o tipo de resíduo mais frequente. O ventrículo foi a porção do trato digestório com maior quantidade de macroplástico. Evidências deste estudo reforçam que Procellariiformes estão consumindo plástico no Atlântico Sul. A quantificação, o monitoramento e a padronização de análises são importantes para subsidiar e orientar medidas de manejo e a implementação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, visando a conservação dos ambientes marinhos e fauna associada.
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