Estudo etnobotânico e farmacológico de Virola surinamensis (Rol.) Warb. (Myristicaceae)
uma revisão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biobrasil.v11i1.1682Palavras-chave:
Atividade terapêutica e farmacológica de Virola surinamensis, etnobotânica de Virola surinamensis, propriedades da Myristicaceae, propriedades farmacológicas da ucuúbaResumo
V. surinamensis (Rol.) (Myristicaceae) is a pyramid-shaped tree, 25 to 35m tall, has a cylindrical trunk, simple leaves and small yellow flowers. It is native to the forests of the amazon region. The oil extracted from seeds is rich in trimististine and can be used in the manufacture of candles, soaps, cosmetics and perfumes. In addition to the use of cosmetics and perfumery. The plant also has therapeutic and pharmacological properties. Among the pharmacological properties are antimicrobial, larvicidal, antitumor, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, leishmanicidal, antimalarial, cercaricidal, trypanocidal, gastroprotective and antiulcerogenic activities. For antimicrobial activity were found phenolic compounds, lignan and neolignan compounds and α and β-pinene in the hydrophilic extract and ucuuba seeds. V. surinamensis leaves was found in lignin-grandsin that demonstrated for larvicidal activity. The compost tetrahydrofuran neolignan grandisina isolated in V. surinamensis leaves demonstrated antitumor activity. The compound grandsin was related to antinociceptive and antiinflammatory property. The α-tocopherol and β-carotene compounds used in the rhizome methanolic extract were related to an antioxidant activity. The compounds such as neolignans, surinamensin, virolin, a mixture of hydrocarbons in the chain, glycerides, esters, steroids and arylpropanoids found in the hexane extract demonstrated in antileishmanicidal activity. The sesquiterpene nerolidol isolated from the V. surinamensis essential oil was directly related to the antimalarial property. The neolignan, virolin and surinamensin compounds found in the V. surinamenis leaves was related to cercaricidal activity. For trypanocidal activity, the compounds veraguensin and grandisin lignans are also isolated from the leaves of the plant demonstrated such activity. Compounds like flavonoids and epicatechin isolated from V. surinamensis ethanolic extract demonstrated gastroprotective activity. The compound epicatechin proven by the V. surinamensis resin was pointed to antiulcerogenic activity. The present work reviewed the Virola surinamensis medical, therapeutic and pharmacological properties.
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