The advance in land use in Rio Grande do Sul in the areas of occurrence of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze over time
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v15i2.2604Keywords:
Agriculture , land use and land cover, native vegetationAbstract
The mixed ombrophilous forest, dominated by the gymnosperm Araucaria angustifolia, is a typical formation of the Atlantic Forest in Rio Grande do Sul. Considered a key species, A. angustifolia sustains the ecosystem by providing resources for fauna and serving as a source of income. However, it is classified as Critically Endangered (CR) by the IUCN, threatened by habitat loss and illegal logging. Land use in the state forms a mosaic of grassland vegetation and forests, but in recent decades, land conversion has advanced over A. angustifolia areas, making the species' populations increasingly smaller and more isolated.This study assessed this expansion over the last 30 years using MapBiomas data. The results indicate significant changes, especially the conversion of natural areas into agriculture and livestock farming. While in the past native vegetation covered 25% of the state, today only 3.5% remains. Agriculture and livestock now occupy more than half of the territory, endangering the species’ remaining populations. Given this challenge, it is essential to seek strategies that reconcile conservation and the sustainable use of natural resources. Alternatives include promoting sustainable extractivism, strengthening enforcement efforts, and using satellite monitoring to track vegetation loss.
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